Raloxifene: its ossification-promoting effect on female mesenchymal stem cells
Raloxifene acts like estrogen in preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women, but it selectively activates biological responses in bone tissue. It has a direct effect on osteoblasts’ differentiation and bone formation in bone marrow culture. However, the point at which raloxifene has an effect on b...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association 2009-09, Vol.14 (5), p.640-645 |
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container_title | Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association |
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creator | Matsumori, Hiroaki Hattori, Koji Ohgushi, Hajime Dohi, Yoshiko Ueda, Yurito Shigematsu, Hideki Satoh, Nobuhisa Yajima, Hiroshi Takakura, Yoshinori |
description | Raloxifene acts like estrogen in preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women, but it selectively activates biological responses in bone tissue. It has a direct effect on osteoblasts’ differentiation and bone formation in bone marrow culture. However, the point at which raloxifene has an effect on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), regardless of sex difference, is not known. The purpose of this study was to examine the osteogenic effect of raloxifene on MSCs derived from female and male rats and to assess the sex difference of raloxifene with or without osteogenic supplements (OSs) in the regulation of bone formation.
Female and male rat bone marrow cells were cultured with or without OSs. In each experimental group, 106 M or 10-8 M raloxifene was added. As a control, cells were cultured without raloxifene. Histologically, mineralization was assessed by alizarin red S staining. Biochemically, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content were assessed.
On histological analysis, mineralized nodules were seen on alizarin red S staining in the groups treated with OS. On the biochemical analysis, OS increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content. Among female groups with OSs, 10-6 M raloxifene significantly increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content compared with the controls. Among male groups, raloxifene had negligible effects.
10-6 M Raloxifene had no ossification-inducing effect on female MSCs, but it had an ossification-promoting effect; it had no osteogenic effect on male MSCs. Therefore, raloxifene has a sex difference with regard to its osteogenic effect on MSCs. Moreover, combined treatment with raloxifene plus OS has an effect on female MSCs. These results provide a useful insight into the possible influence of raloxifene after MSC transplantation in clinical practice. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00776-009-1357-4 |
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Female and male rat bone marrow cells were cultured with or without OSs. In each experimental group, 106 M or 10-8 M raloxifene was added. As a control, cells were cultured without raloxifene. Histologically, mineralization was assessed by alizarin red S staining. Biochemically, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content were assessed.
On histological analysis, mineralized nodules were seen on alizarin red S staining in the groups treated with OS. On the biochemical analysis, OS increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content. Among female groups with OSs, 10-6 M raloxifene significantly increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content compared with the controls. Among male groups, raloxifene had negligible effects.
10-6 M Raloxifene had no ossification-inducing effect on female MSCs, but it had an ossification-promoting effect; it had no osteogenic effect on male MSCs. Therefore, raloxifene has a sex difference with regard to its osteogenic effect on MSCs. Moreover, combined treatment with raloxifene plus OS has an effect on female MSCs. These results provide a useful insight into the possible influence of raloxifene after MSC transplantation in clinical practice.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0949-2658</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1436-2023</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00776-009-1357-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19802678</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects ; Cell Differentiation - drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - drug effects ; Original Article ; Orthopedics ; Raloxifene Hydrochloride - pharmacology ; Rats ; Rheumatology ; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators - pharmacology ; Sex Factors</subject><ispartof>Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association, 2009-09, Vol.14 (5), p.640-645</ispartof><rights>2009 The Japanese Orthopaedic Association</rights><rights>The Japanese Orthopaedic Association 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-636d2d1694d5b2a982de84fe686de3415c8dc7877f7110b42bd3f3c6c6eaedc43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-636d2d1694d5b2a982de84fe686de3415c8dc7877f7110b42bd3f3c6c6eaedc43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00776-009-1357-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00776-009-1357-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27915,27916,41479,42548,51310</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19802678$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Matsumori, Hiroaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hattori, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ohgushi, Hajime</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dohi, Yoshiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ueda, Yurito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shigematsu, Hideki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Satoh, Nobuhisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yajima, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takakura, Yoshinori</creatorcontrib><title>Raloxifene: its ossification-promoting effect on female mesenchymal stem cells</title><title>Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association</title><addtitle>J Orthop Sci</addtitle><addtitle>J Orthop Sci</addtitle><description>Raloxifene acts like estrogen in preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women, but it selectively activates biological responses in bone tissue. It has a direct effect on osteoblasts’ differentiation and bone formation in bone marrow culture. However, the point at which raloxifene has an effect on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), regardless of sex difference, is not known. The purpose of this study was to examine the osteogenic effect of raloxifene on MSCs derived from female and male rats and to assess the sex difference of raloxifene with or without osteogenic supplements (OSs) in the regulation of bone formation.
Female and male rat bone marrow cells were cultured with or without OSs. In each experimental group, 106 M or 10-8 M raloxifene was added. As a control, cells were cultured without raloxifene. Histologically, mineralization was assessed by alizarin red S staining. Biochemically, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content were assessed.
On histological analysis, mineralized nodules were seen on alizarin red S staining in the groups treated with OS. On the biochemical analysis, OS increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content. Among female groups with OSs, 10-6 M raloxifene significantly increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content compared with the controls. Among male groups, raloxifene had negligible effects.
10-6 M Raloxifene had no ossification-inducing effect on female MSCs, but it had an ossification-promoting effect; it had no osteogenic effect on male MSCs. Therefore, raloxifene has a sex difference with regard to its osteogenic effect on MSCs. Moreover, combined treatment with raloxifene plus OS has an effect on female MSCs. These results provide a useful insight into the possible influence of raloxifene after MSC transplantation in clinical practice.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bone Marrow Cells</subject><subject>Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects</subject><subject>Cell Differentiation - drug effects</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - drug effects</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Raloxifene Hydrochloride - pharmacology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rheumatology</subject><subject>Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators - pharmacology</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><issn>0949-2658</issn><issn>1436-2023</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtLxDAUhYMozvj4AW6kuHEVzatJoysRXyAKouvQSW7GSNto0xH996Z0QHDhJiHknHNPviB0QMkJJUSdprwoiQnRmPJSYbGB5lRwiRlhfBPNiRYaM1lWM7ST0hshVJW63EYzqivCpKrm6OGpbuJX8NDBWRGGVMSUgg-2HkLs8Hsf2ziEblmA92CHInaFh7ZuoGghQWdfv_OhSAO0hYWmSXtoy9dNgv31voterq-eL2_x_ePN3eXFPbZClQOWXDrmqNTClQtW64o5qIQHWUkHXNDSVs6qSimvKCULwRaOe26llVCDs4LvouMpNzf8WEEaTBvS2KDuIK6SUVwQqXU5Ko_-KN_iqu9yOcMY0ZmbJFlEJ5Ht8_t78Oa9D23dfxtKzIjaTKhNRm1G1GYMPlwHrxYtuF_Hmm0WsEmQ8lW3hP538n-p55MJMr3PkE3JhgwaXOjzBxgXwz_uH2_cnMI</recordid><startdate>20090901</startdate><enddate>20090901</enddate><creator>Matsumori, Hiroaki</creator><creator>Hattori, Koji</creator><creator>Ohgushi, Hajime</creator><creator>Dohi, Yoshiko</creator><creator>Ueda, Yurito</creator><creator>Shigematsu, Hideki</creator><creator>Satoh, Nobuhisa</creator><creator>Yajima, Hiroshi</creator><creator>Takakura, Yoshinori</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Springer Japan</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090901</creationdate><title>Raloxifene: its ossification-promoting effect on female mesenchymal stem cells</title><author>Matsumori, Hiroaki ; 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It has a direct effect on osteoblasts’ differentiation and bone formation in bone marrow culture. However, the point at which raloxifene has an effect on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), regardless of sex difference, is not known. The purpose of this study was to examine the osteogenic effect of raloxifene on MSCs derived from female and male rats and to assess the sex difference of raloxifene with or without osteogenic supplements (OSs) in the regulation of bone formation.
Female and male rat bone marrow cells were cultured with or without OSs. In each experimental group, 106 M or 10-8 M raloxifene was added. As a control, cells were cultured without raloxifene. Histologically, mineralization was assessed by alizarin red S staining. Biochemically, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content were assessed.
On histological analysis, mineralized nodules were seen on alizarin red S staining in the groups treated with OS. On the biochemical analysis, OS increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content. Among female groups with OSs, 10-6 M raloxifene significantly increased ALP activity, calcium content, and osteocalcin content compared with the controls. Among male groups, raloxifene had negligible effects.
10-6 M Raloxifene had no ossification-inducing effect on female MSCs, but it had an ossification-promoting effect; it had no osteogenic effect on male MSCs. Therefore, raloxifene has a sex difference with regard to its osteogenic effect on MSCs. Moreover, combined treatment with raloxifene plus OS has an effect on female MSCs. These results provide a useful insight into the possible influence of raloxifene after MSC transplantation in clinical practice.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>19802678</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00776-009-1357-4</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Bone Marrow Cells Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects Cell Differentiation - drug effects Cells, Cultured Female Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - drug effects Original Article Orthopedics Raloxifene Hydrochloride - pharmacology Rats Rheumatology Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators - pharmacology Sex Factors |
title | Raloxifene: its ossification-promoting effect on female mesenchymal stem cells |
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