A search for methane in the atmosphere of GJ 1214b via GTC narrow-band transmission spectrophotometry
We present narrow-band photometric measurements of the exoplanet GJ 1214b using the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Optical System for Imaging and low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy instrument. Using tuneable filters, we observed a total of five transits, three of which were observed at...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2014-03, Vol.438 (3), p.2395-2405 |
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creator | Wilson, P. A. Colón, K. D. Sing, D. K. Ballester, G. E. Désert, J.-M. Ehrenreich, D. Ford, E. B. Fortney, J. J. Lecavelier des Etangs, A. López-Morales, M. Morley, C. V. Pettitt, A. R. Pont, F. Vidal-Madjar, A. |
description | We present narrow-band photometric measurements of the exoplanet GJ 1214b using the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Optical System for Imaging and low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy instrument. Using tuneable filters, we observed a total of five transits, three of which were observed at two wavelengths nearly simultaneously, producing a total of eight individual light curves, six of these probed the possible existence of a methane absorption feature in the 8770-8850 Å region at high resolution. We detect no increase in the planet-to-star radius ratio across the methane feature with a change in radius ratio of
corresponding to a scaleheight (H) change of −0.5 ± 1.2H across the methane feature, assuming a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere. We find that a variety of water and cloudy atmospheric models fit the data well, but find that cloud-free models provide poor fits. These observations support a flat transmission spectrum resulting from the presence of a high-altitude haze or a water-rich atmosphere, in agreement with previous studies. In this study, the observations are pre-dominantly limited by the photometric quality and the limited number of data points (resulting from a long observing cadence), which make the determination of the systematic noise challenging. With tuneable filters capable of high-resolution measurements (R 600-750) of narrow absorption features, the interpretation of our results are also limited by the absence of high-resolution methane models below 1 μm. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1093/mnras/stt2356 |
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corresponding to a scaleheight (H) change of −0.5 ± 1.2H across the methane feature, assuming a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere. We find that a variety of water and cloudy atmospheric models fit the data well, but find that cloud-free models provide poor fits. These observations support a flat transmission spectrum resulting from the presence of a high-altitude haze or a water-rich atmosphere, in agreement with previous studies. In this study, the observations are pre-dominantly limited by the photometric quality and the limited number of data points (resulting from a long observing cadence), which make the determination of the systematic noise challenging. With tuneable filters capable of high-resolution measurements (R 600-750) of narrow absorption features, the interpretation of our results are also limited by the absence of high-resolution methane models below 1 μm.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0035-8711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2966</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stt2356</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Astronomy ; Astrophysics ; Atmosphere ; Hydrogen ; Methane ; Sciences of the Universe</subject><ispartof>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2014-03, Vol.438 (3), p.2395-2405</ispartof><rights>2014 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society 2014</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press, UK Mar 1, 2014</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-991046f7f45c825c76b11cf084e74babf18e90ab03bcf57b422b554938ecc7c03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-991046f7f45c825c76b11cf084e74babf18e90ab03bcf57b422b554938ecc7c03</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5637-5253 ; 0000-0003-3204-8183</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1598,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt2356$$EView_record_in_Oxford_University_Press$$FView_record_in_$$GOxford_University_Press</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://insu.hal.science/insu-03645691$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wilson, P. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colón, K. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sing, D. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ballester, G. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Désert, J.-M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehrenreich, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ford, E. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fortney, J. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lecavelier des Etangs, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López-Morales, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morley, C. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pettitt, A. R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pont, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vidal-Madjar, A.</creatorcontrib><title>A search for methane in the atmosphere of GJ 1214b via GTC narrow-band transmission spectrophotometry</title><title>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title><addtitle>Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc</addtitle><description>We present narrow-band photometric measurements of the exoplanet GJ 1214b using the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Optical System for Imaging and low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy instrument. Using tuneable filters, we observed a total of five transits, three of which were observed at two wavelengths nearly simultaneously, producing a total of eight individual light curves, six of these probed the possible existence of a methane absorption feature in the 8770-8850 Å region at high resolution. We detect no increase in the planet-to-star radius ratio across the methane feature with a change in radius ratio of
corresponding to a scaleheight (H) change of −0.5 ± 1.2H across the methane feature, assuming a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere. We find that a variety of water and cloudy atmospheric models fit the data well, but find that cloud-free models provide poor fits. These observations support a flat transmission spectrum resulting from the presence of a high-altitude haze or a water-rich atmosphere, in agreement with previous studies. In this study, the observations are pre-dominantly limited by the photometric quality and the limited number of data points (resulting from a long observing cadence), which make the determination of the systematic noise challenging. With tuneable filters capable of high-resolution measurements (R 600-750) of narrow absorption features, the interpretation of our results are also limited by the absence of high-resolution methane models below 1 μm.</description><subject>Astronomy</subject><subject>Astrophysics</subject><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>Hydrogen</subject><subject>Methane</subject><subject>Sciences of the Universe</subject><issn>0035-8711</issn><issn>1365-2966</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqF0M1LwzAYBvAgCs7p0XvAiwh1-W57HEM3ZeBlnkMSE9qxJjVJJ_vvrW549fRefjzPywPALUaPGNV01vmo0izlTCgXZ2CCqeAFqYU4BxOEKC-qEuNLcJXSFiHEKBETYOcwWRVNA12IsLO5Ud7C1sPcWKhyF1Lf2GhhcHD5CjHBTMN9q-Bys4BexRi-Cq38B8xR-dS1KbXBw9Rbk2Pom5DDGBkP1-DCqV2yN6c7Be_PT5vFqli_LV8W83VhaElyUdcYMeFKx7ipCDel0BgbhypmS6aVdriyNVIaUW0cLzUjRHPOalpZY0qD6BQ8HHMbtZN9bDsVDzKoVq7ma9n6NEhEBeOixns84rsj7mP4HGzKchuG6Mf_JOZoLCWcV6MqjsrEkFK07i8XI_kzu_ydXZ5mH_390Yeh_4d-A51shG0</recordid><startdate>20140301</startdate><enddate>20140301</enddate><creator>Wilson, P. A.</creator><creator>Colón, K. D.</creator><creator>Sing, D. K.</creator><creator>Ballester, G. E.</creator><creator>Désert, J.-M.</creator><creator>Ehrenreich, D.</creator><creator>Ford, E. B.</creator><creator>Fortney, J. J.</creator><creator>Lecavelier des Etangs, A.</creator><creator>López-Morales, M.</creator><creator>Morley, C. V.</creator><creator>Pettitt, A. R.</creator><creator>Pont, F.</creator><creator>Vidal-Madjar, A.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy P - Oxford Open Option A</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5637-5253</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3204-8183</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20140301</creationdate><title>A search for methane in the atmosphere of GJ 1214b via GTC narrow-band transmission spectrophotometry</title><author>Wilson, P. A. ; Colón, K. D. ; Sing, D. K. ; Ballester, G. E. ; Désert, J.-M. ; Ehrenreich, D. ; Ford, E. B. ; Fortney, J. J. ; Lecavelier des Etangs, A. ; López-Morales, M. ; Morley, C. V. ; Pettitt, A. R. ; Pont, F. ; Vidal-Madjar, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-991046f7f45c825c76b11cf084e74babf18e90ab03bcf57b422b554938ecc7c03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Astronomy</topic><topic>Astrophysics</topic><topic>Atmosphere</topic><topic>Hydrogen</topic><topic>Methane</topic><topic>Sciences of the Universe</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wilson, P. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colón, K. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sing, D. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ballester, G. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Désert, J.-M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehrenreich, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ford, E. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fortney, J. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lecavelier des Etangs, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López-Morales, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morley, C. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pettitt, A. R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pont, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vidal-Madjar, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)</collection><jtitle>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wilson, P. A.</au><au>Colón, K. D.</au><au>Sing, D. K.</au><au>Ballester, G. E.</au><au>Désert, J.-M.</au><au>Ehrenreich, D.</au><au>Ford, E. B.</au><au>Fortney, J. J.</au><au>Lecavelier des Etangs, A.</au><au>López-Morales, M.</au><au>Morley, C. V.</au><au>Pettitt, A. R.</au><au>Pont, F.</au><au>Vidal-Madjar, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A search for methane in the atmosphere of GJ 1214b via GTC narrow-band transmission spectrophotometry</atitle><jtitle>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</jtitle><stitle>Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc</stitle><date>2014-03-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>438</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>2395</spage><epage>2405</epage><pages>2395-2405</pages><issn>0035-8711</issn><eissn>1365-2966</eissn><abstract>We present narrow-band photometric measurements of the exoplanet GJ 1214b using the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Optical System for Imaging and low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy instrument. Using tuneable filters, we observed a total of five transits, three of which were observed at two wavelengths nearly simultaneously, producing a total of eight individual light curves, six of these probed the possible existence of a methane absorption feature in the 8770-8850 Å region at high resolution. We detect no increase in the planet-to-star radius ratio across the methane feature with a change in radius ratio of
corresponding to a scaleheight (H) change of −0.5 ± 1.2H across the methane feature, assuming a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere. We find that a variety of water and cloudy atmospheric models fit the data well, but find that cloud-free models provide poor fits. These observations support a flat transmission spectrum resulting from the presence of a high-altitude haze or a water-rich atmosphere, in agreement with previous studies. In this study, the observations are pre-dominantly limited by the photometric quality and the limited number of data points (resulting from a long observing cadence), which make the determination of the systematic noise challenging. With tuneable filters capable of high-resolution measurements (R 600-750) of narrow absorption features, the interpretation of our results are also limited by the absence of high-resolution methane models below 1 μm.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/mnras/stt2356</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5637-5253</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3204-8183</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Astronomy Astrophysics Atmosphere Hydrogen Methane Sciences of the Universe |
title | A search for methane in the atmosphere of GJ 1214b via GTC narrow-band transmission spectrophotometry |
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