Kyrgyz Republic Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment

Agriculture is among the most risk-prone sectors in the economies of Central Asia. Production shocks from weather, pests and diseases and adverse movements in agricultural product and input prices not only impact farmers and agri-business firms, but can also strain government finances. Some of these...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Broka, Sandra, Giertz, Åsa, Christensen, Garry, Hanif, Charity, Rasmussen, Debra, Rubaiza, Rhoda
Format:	Report
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL MARKET AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AGRICULTURAL PROCESSING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE MARKET AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AGRICULTURE POLICY AGRICULTURE SECTOR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES ANIMAL CONSUMPTION ANIMAL FATS ANIMAL FEED ANIMAL HEALTH ANIMAL PRODUCT ANIMAL PRODUCTS ANIMAL WELFARE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION BALANCE SHEETS BEEF PRODUCTION BEETS BUTTER COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION COMMODITIES CONTRACT FARMING CORPORATE FARMS COTTON COWS CROP INSURANCE CROP PRODUCTION CROP PROTECTION CROP ROTATIONS CROP YIELDS CROPS CUTTING DAIRY DAIRY EXPORTS DAIRY INDUSTRY DAIRY PROCESSORS DAIRY PRODUCTS DIRECT PAYMENTS DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC MARKETS EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT EXPORT MARKETS EXPORTS EXTENSION SERVICES FARM FARM MANAGEMENT FARM PRODUCTION FARM PRODUCTIVITY FARM STORAGE FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FARMS FATS FEED FENCES FENCING FERTILIZATION FOOD PRODUCT FOOD PURCHASES FOOD SAFETY FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS FOOD SECURITY FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN MARKETS FRESH FRUIT GRAIN GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HOUSEHOLDS IMPORT RESTRICTIONS IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORT VALUE IMPORTS INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MARKETS LAND LIVE ANIMALS LIVESTOCK LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS LIVESTOCK SECTOR LIVESTOCK UNITS LOCAL FOOD PRODUCTION MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET ECONOMY MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKET STRUCTURE MARKETING CONTRACTS MEAT MEAT PRODUCTS MILK MILK INDUSTRY MILK PRICES MILK PRODUCTION MILLING OILS PAYMENTS POULTRY PREMIUM PRICE PRICE INCREASES PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE OF MILK PRICE RISK PRICE RISKS PRICES PURCHASING POWER RAW MATERIALS RURAL AREAS SANITARY STANDARDS SILAGE SILOS SOYBEAN MEAL SUGAR SUGAR BEETS SUPERMARKETS TARIFF TARIFFS TERM FINANCING TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE ORGANIZATION TRANSACTION VEGETABLE OILS VEGETABLE PRODUCTS VITAMINS VOLUME WHEAT TRADE WORLD MARKET PRICES WORLD PRICES WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Agriculture is among the most risk-prone sectors in the economies of Central Asia. Production shocks from weather, pests and diseases and adverse movements in agricultural product and input prices not only impact farmers and agri-business firms, but can also strain government finances. Some of these risks are small and localized and can be managed by producers. Others are the result of more severe, exogenous shocks outside agriculture or outside the country, which require a broader response. Failure to respond adequately to these more severe risks leads to a perpetual cycle of ‘shock-recovery-shock’, which reinforces poverty traps and compromises long-term growth. The agriculture sector’s exposure to production and price risk is increasing. Climate change is increasing production risks in the short to medium-term by increasing the frequency and severity of droughts and floods and in the longer-term by reducing the availability of water for irrigation due to accelerated glacial melt. The modernization and commercialization of agricultural production and processing, which is critical for sector growth, also raises the sector’s exposure to price risk at a time of high volatility on international markets for agricultural commodities. An effective response to these risks requires a broader, more integrated approach to risk management than the current system of ex-ante, public sector activity associated with crop and livestock disease and ad hoc, ex-post emergency responses to local disasters. Measures to strengthen risk mitigation need to be mainstreamed into sector development and investment programs, additional human and financial resources need to be allocated to the public institutions responsible for ex-ante and ex-post risk management, and the potential for transfer (insurance) mechanisms will need to be clarified and developed where feasible. Given the limited human and financial resources available for public sector activity, a clear sense of the priorities for agriculture risk management is also required, together with a balanced view of the respective roles of public and private sector stakeholders.