Environmental Health Costs in Colombia : The Changes from 2002 to 2010

Despite considerable progress in the area of environmental management over the last decade, Colombia still faces significant impacts from population exposure to urban air pollution, inadequate access to water supply and sanitation, and indoor air pollution from solid fuel use. This study estimates t...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Golub, Elena, Klytchnikova, Irina, Sanchez-Martinez, Gerardo, Belausteguigoitia, Juan Carlos
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	ADULT MORTALITY AGED AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AIR QUALITY AIR QUALITY MONITORING AIR QUALITY STANDARDS ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BURDEN OF DISEASE BUS CANCER CAR CARBON EMISSION CARBON MONOXIDE CENTER FOR HEALTH CHILD HEALTH CHILD MORBIDITY CHILD MORTALITY CHILD MORTALITY RATE CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CHRONIC MALNUTRITION CITIES CLEAN AIR CLIMATE CHANGE COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS CYCLE OF POVERTY DEATHS AMONG CHILDREN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DIESEL FUEL QUALITY DISABILITY DISASTERS DISSEMINATION DRINKING WATER EARLY CHILDHOOD ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECOSYSTEM ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ELDERLY EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXCESS MORTALITY EXPENDITURES EXPOSURE TO POLLUTION FEWER CHILDREN FUEL USE FUELS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH BURDEN HEALTH CARE HEALTH CONDITIONS HEALTH COST HEALTH COSTS HEALTH DAMAGES HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH IMPACT HEALTH IMPACTS HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INFORMATION HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS HIV HOSPITAL HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS HOSPITALIZATION HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL HYGIENE ILLNESS ILLNESSES INCOME INDOOR AIR INDOOR AIR POLLUTION INFANTS INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFORMATION SYSTEM INFORMATION SYSTEMS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTEGRATION INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERVENTION LAND USE LEGAL STATUS LEVELS OF MORTALITY LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL AIR QUALITY LOCAL COMMUNITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOW BIRTH WEIGHT LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MEASLES MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY MORTALITY RATE MORTALITY RISK NATIONAL LEVEL NATURAL DISASTERS NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES NITROGEN OXIDES NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF DEATHS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION OZONE PARASITIC DISEASES PARTICULATE MATTER PATIENT PATIENTS PEAK HOURS PETROLEUM GAS POINT SOURCES POINT SOURCES OF POLLUTION POLICY DIALOGUE POLICY MAKERS POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS POLLUTION POPULATION DATA POPULATION GROUPS POPULATION GROWTH PPM PRACTITIONERS PREGNANCY PREMATURE DEATHS PREMATURE MORTALITY PRIVATE DOCTORS PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION QUALITY IMPROVEMENT RAPID TRANSIT RATES OF URBANIZATION REDUCTION OF MORTALITY REHABILITATION RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESPIRATORY DISEASES RESPIRATORY ILLNESS RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES RISK FACTORS RISK OF DEATH RISK OF ILLNESS RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION SAFE DRINKING WATER SANITATION SANITATION FACILITIES SERVICE PROVIDERS SEWAGE SULFUR CONTENT SURFACE WATER SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRUE UNDER FIVE MORTALITY URBAN AIR POLLUTION URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN POLLUTION URBAN POPULATION URBAN TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLES VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS VULNERABILITY VULNERABLE GROUPS WATER QUALITY WATER RESOURCES WATER SUPPLY WEALTH WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Despite considerable progress in the area of environmental management over the last decade, Colombia still faces significant impacts from population exposure to urban air pollution, inadequate access to water supply and sanitation, and indoor air pollution from solid fuel use. This study estimates that the total health cost attributable to these three factors amounts to about 10.2 trillion Colombian Pesos (COP) annually, or about 2 percent of GDP in 2010. In terms of mortality, about 7,600 annual premature deaths can be attributed to these environmental factors. This study updates some of the estimates of environmental health costs reported in the 2005 Colombia Country Environmental Analysis environmental priorities and poverty reduction . Specific policy recommendations and targeted interventions can be derived from future analysis of environmental health costs at subnational level, cost-benefit analysis of specific policy interventions, and an analysis of the burden of health costs disaggregated by population groups and poverty levels. Disaggregated statistics on health outcomes, fuel use, and access to infrastructure services, epidemiological studies, and air quality models (urban and industrial areas) are required for such analysis. Disaggregated assessments and cost benefit analysis, recommended for future studies, will facilitate an evaluation of policy and investment outcomes in terms of their impacts on the most vulnerable groups and the extent to which they are well targeted and benefit the poor.