Income support for the poorest: a review of experience in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Most countries in the world aspire to protect poorest and most vulnerable families from destitution and thus provide some type of income support to those who are very poor. These programs are often layered into social policy along with other transfers, subsidies, or services. The way to best provide...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Tesliuc, Emil, Pop, Lucian, Grosh, Margaret, Yemtsov, Ruslan
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE ACCOUNTABILITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR Asia, Central BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY HOUSEHOLDS CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS CARIBBEAN REGION CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS CASH TRANSFERS CATEGORICAL SOCIAL ASSISTANCE CHILD ALLOWANCES CONFLICT COPING MECHANISMS CORRUPTION COUNTERFACTUAL DATA COLLECTION DATA COLLECTION METHODS DEFINITIONS OF POVERTY DEVELOPING REGIONS DISABILITY ALLOWANCES DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS ENERGY SUBSIDIES Europe, Eastern EXPENDITURES EXTREME POVERTY FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN FAMILY ALLOWANCES FAMILY MEMBERS FARM INCOME FISCAL CONSTRAINTS GDP GINI INDEX GMI GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GUARANTEED MINIMUM INCOME HBS HOSPITAL CARE HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD BUDGET SURVEY HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY DATA HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY HOUSEHOLDS WITH CHILDREN HOUSING HOUSING SUBSIDIES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMANITARIAN AID INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION Income maintenance programs INCOME SOURCES INCOME SUPPORT INCOMES FROM AGRICULTURE INDEXES INEQUALITY INFORMAL ECONOMY INSUFFICIENT INCOME INSURANCE INTERVENTIONS LABOR MARKETS LIVING STANDARDS LSMS MARKET ECONOMIES MEANS TESTING MEANS TESTS MINIMUM INCOME GUARANTEES NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES PENSION INCOME PENSIONS PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES PERFECT TARGETING PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLITICAL SCIENCE POLITICAL SUPPORT POOR POOR COUNTRIES POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POOR PERSON POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY ASSESSMENTS POVERTY DATA POVERTY GAP POVERTY HEADCOUNT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MONITORING POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAM COVERAGE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS Public welfare REDUCING POVERTY REDUCTION IN POVERTY REGIONAL ALLOCATION REGIONAL WORKSHOP RELATIVE POVERTY LINE RISK MANAGEMENT RURAL AREAS SAFETY NET SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOLING SERVICE DELIVERY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL PROTECTION SPENDING SOCIAL SECURITY SUBSISTENCE TARGETING TARGETING COSTS TOTAL POVERTY TRANSPARENCY UNEMPLOYMENT WAR WELFARE BENEFITS WELFARE DISTRIBUTION WELFARE LEVELS WELFARE MEASURE WELL-BEING
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Most countries in the world aspire to protect poorest and most vulnerable families from destitution and thus provide some type of income support to those who are very poor. These programs are often layered into social policy along with other transfers, subsidies, or services. The way to best provide such last-resort income support (LRIS) and its role in wider social policy is a matter of some complexity, much experimentation, and much study. In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 28 of 30 countries operate LRIS programs. This study examines the experience of LRIS programs in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It documents the outcomes of such programs throughout the region in terms of expenditure, coverage, targeting, and simulated effects on poverty and inequality. For a subset of countries, the study documents and draws lessons from the design and implementation arrangements - institutional frameworks and administrative structures, eligibility determination, benefits and conditions, governance mechanisms, and administrative costs on the basis of information gleaned during in-depth country engagements that have extended a decade or more (Albania, Armenia, Bulgaria, the Kyrgyz Republic, Lithuania, and Romania) and other detailed work available from newer or more specific engagements (Croatia, the Russian Federation, Serbia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan). The report is organized as follows: chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two provides an overview of the role of LRIS in the wider social assistance policies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Chapter three looks into the institutional and financing arrangements of the LRIS programs in the case study countries. Chapter four covers one of the two most charged issues in narrowly targeted LRIS programs - how eligibility is determined. Chapter five takes up the other charged issue in these programs - the benefit formula and how labor disincentives can be held in check with the guaranteed minimum income design. Chapter six focuses on two key elements of control and accountability systems in LRIS programs - modern management information systems and strategies to reduce error, fraud, and corruption. Chapter seven examines the administrative costs of the LRIS programs in the case study countries. Chapter eight highlights and summarizes the lessons.
DOI:	10.1596/978-1-4648-0237-9