Regulatory Developments in the U.S. : History and Philosophy

The first nationwide regulation of transportation in the United States (U.S.) was intervention in railways. In the 1830 to 1880 period, railways had been over-built in many areas of the country especially the Northeast mainly because of financial speculation in the creation of railway companies. The...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Thompson, Louis S
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	ACCIDENT RATES AIR AIR TRAVEL AIR WATER BARGES BARRIERS TO ENTRY CARRIAGE CARRIERS COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMON CARRIERS COMMUTER SERVICES CONCESSIONS CONCRETE CORRIDOR COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION DEREGULATION DRIVING ECONOMIC REGULATION ELECTRIC UTILITIES EMERGENCY TRANSPORTATION FINANCIAL BURDEN FRAMEWORK FREIGHT FREIGHT BUSINESS FREIGHT FORWARDERS FREIGHT MODAL FREIGHT RAILWAYS FREIGHT RATES FREIGHT TON FREIGHT TRANSPORT FREIGHT TRANSPORT REGULATION GASOLINE HAULAGE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION INCOME INTERCITY PASSENGER INTERCITY RAIL INTERSTATE HIGHWAY INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM LIFTING LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL RAIL LOCOMOTIVES LTL MILEAGE MODAL SHARE MODAL SHARES MOTOR CARRIER NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM NATIONAL RAILWAY NET BENEFITS PASSENGER LOSSES PASSENGER SERVICES PASSENGERS PORTS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION QUALITY OF TRANSPORT RAIL RAIL BUS RAIL BUSINESS RAIL CHARGES RAIL COMPETITION RAIL FREIGHT RAIL FREIGHT REVENUE RAIL INDUSTRY RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE RAIL LINE RAIL PASSENGER RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE RAIL SERVICE RAIL SYSTEM RAIL TRAFFIC RAIL TRANSPORT RAILROAD RAILROAD INDUSTRY RAILROADS RAILWAY RAILWAY COMPANIES RAILWAY CORPORATIONS RAILWAY INDUSTRY RAILWAY LINES RAILWAY MANAGEMENT RAILWAY NETWORK RAILWAY OFFICIALS RAILWAYS RAILWAYS ADVISER RATE CHANGES RATE OF RETURN RATEMAKING REBATES REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY LEGISLATION REGULATORY PERIOD ROUTE ROUTES SAFETY SERVICE QUALITY SERVICE REGULATION SHARING SHIPMENTS SHIPPERS SHIPPING SURFACE FREIGHT SURFACE TRANSPORTATION TONNAGE TRACKAGE TRACKS TRAFFIC TRANSPORT TRANSPORT CHARGES TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT OPERATIONS TRANSPORT REGULATION TRANSPORT TARIFFS TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION POLICY TRUCKING TRUCKS TRUE VARIABLE COST WAGONS
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Zusammenfassung:	The first nationwide regulation of transportation in the United States (U.S.) was intervention in railways. In the 1830 to 1880 period, railways had been over-built in many areas of the country especially the Northeast mainly because of financial speculation in the creation of railway companies. The perceived "high fixed cost, low variable cost" structure of railways tended to generate severe rate cutting and tariff instability whenever railways directly competed for traffic. Another major thrust was "locational" (regional) interests - farmers who wanted rates averaged and stabilized so that more distant markets will see the same transport costs as the "more fortunate", closer farms, and so that ports can be "equalized". This report gives the growth of transport regulation in the U.S.; results of regulation; why was regulatory change necessary at the beginning of the 1980's?; and the deregulatory experience in the U.S.