Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block versus caudal block for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing unilateral open inguinal herniotomy : a comparative study

Background Ultrasound (US)-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is an effective technique in providing analgesia for abdominal surgery. This study was designed to evaluate the effi cacy of a US-guided TAP block and to compare it with a caudal block in unilateral day-case open inguinal hernia repair in children. Patients and Methods Forty ASA I–II, 1–5-year-old children scheduled for elective unilateral open inguinal herniotomy were studied. All patients received general anesthesia; sevofl urane was used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia and laryngeal mask airway ( LMA) was used to secure the airway. After securing an intravenous cannula, patients were randomized to a US-guided TAP block (n = 20) (group T) using 0.5 ml/kg 0.25 % bupivacaine, injected on the same side of surgery, and group C received a caudal block using 1 ml/kg 0.2 % bupivacaine (n = 20). Surgery was allowed 15 min after administration the block. Block failure was considered in case of gross movement or more than 20 % change in heart rate and/or ABP persisting more than 1 min after skin incision. Any adverse events were recorded. After surgery, patients remained for 4 h in the recovery room. Postoperative analgesia was evaluated using Children and Infants Postoperative Pain Scale (CHIPPS). An anesthesiologist, who was not part of the study team, evaluated the need for rescue analgesia in the intraoperative and postoperative period and a recovery nurse collected the data. If the CHIPPS score was greater than 4, a rescue analgesia of 20 mg/kg acetaminophen was administered. Results No difference was found in hemodynamics in both groups. Also, intraoperative fentanyl consumption was not different and no rescue analgesia was required in the postanesthesia care unit. Conclusion A US-guided TAP block is as effective as a caudal block in providing immediate postoperative analgesia in inguinal hernia repair