The structure and function of the temporomandibular joint

Although characterised by having a synovial membrane lining the non-articulating surfaces within the joint capsule, in some ways the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an atypical joint. This paper highlights the differences between the TMJ and other movable joints with a description of the structure, innervation blood supply and musculature. Also included are details of how the TMJ moves-the effectors of movement and the various reflexes controlling movement of the joint.