Assessment of gamma-radiation attenuation characteristics of Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2–Na2O glasses using Geant4 simulation code

This work aims to study the radiation shielding properties of Bi 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 –SiO 2 –Na 2 O glasses (coded as BBS-glasses) using the Geant4 simulation and to determine the effect of the Bi 2 O 3 content on the attenuation capability of the glasses. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) of BBS-glasses was estimated by the Monte Carlo simulations in Geant4, and the simulated results were validated by XCOM software. The maximum relative difference between the two approaches throughout the considered gamma-ray energies was 1.05, 1.20, 1.40, 1.52, 1.21, and 1.5%, respectively, for BBS-0–BBS-5, which means that MAC estimated through the Geant4 simulation and XCOM are in good agreement; hence, the simulation results are accurate. At each investigated energy, the linear attenuation coefficient value increases with Bi 2 O 3 as a result of the higher molecular weight of Bi 2 O 3 , hence higher electron–photon interactions. The effective atomic number varies from 7.65–9.37, 19.64–66.66, 29.01–73.92, 36.54–76.76, 42.72–78.29, and 47.89–79.23 for BBS-0–BBS-5, respectively. The half value layer for the selected glasses followed the trend: (HVL) BBS-5