NMR Crystallography Enhanced by Quantum Chemical Calculations and Liquid State NMR Spectroscopy for the Investigation of Se‐NHC Adducts

N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHC) are widely utilized in catalysis and material science. They are characterized by their steric and electronic properties. Steric properties are usually quantified on the basis of their static structure, which can be determined by X‐ray diffraction. The electronic...

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Veröffentlicht in:Chemistry : a European journal 2021-11, Vol.27 (66), p.16477-16487
Hauptverfasser: Mames, Adam, Pietrzak, Mariusz, Bernatowicz, Piotr, Kubas, Adam, Luboradzki, Roman, Ratajczyk, Tomasz
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHC) are widely utilized in catalysis and material science. They are characterized by their steric and electronic properties. Steric properties are usually quantified on the basis of their static structure, which can be determined by X‐ray diffraction. The electronic properties are estimated in the liquid state; for example, via the 77Se liquid state NMR of Se‐NHC adducts. We demonstrate that 77Se NMR crystallography can contribute to the characterization of the structural and electronic properties of NHC in solid and liquid states. Selected Se‐NHC adducts are investigated via 77Se solid state NMR and X‐ray crystallography, supported by quantum chemical calculations. This investigation reveals a correlation between the molecular structure of adducts and NMR parameters, including not only isotropic chemical shifts but also the other chemical shift tensor components. Afterwards, the liquid state 77Se NMR data is presented and interpreted in terms of the quantum chemistry modelling. The discrepancy between the structural and electronic properties, and in particular the π‐accepting abilities of adducts in the solid and liquid states is discussed. Finally, the 13C isotropic chemical shift from the liquid state NMR and the 13C tensor components are also discussed, and compared with their 77Se counterparts. 77Se NMR crystallography can deliver valuable information about NHC ligands, and together with liquid state 77Se NMR can provide an in‐depth outlook on the properties of NHC ligands. Se adducts of N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands were investigated by using 77Se liquid and state solid NMR spectroscopy. The analysis revealed a correlation between the molecular structure of the adducts and NMR parameters, including not only isotropic chemical shifts, but also the other chemical shift tensor components. It was observed that the structural and electronic properties of adducts are different in the solid and liquid states. The discrepancy was interpreted with the help of X‐ray crystallography and quantum chemical calculations.
ISSN:0947-6539
1521-3765
DOI:10.1002/chem.202102800