Reaction mechanisms relevant to the formation and utilization of [Ru(edta)(NO)] complexes in aqueous media

The advancement of Ru(edta) complexes (edta4− = ethylenediamineteraacetate) mediated reactions, including NO generation and its utilization, has not been systematically reviewed to date. This review aims to report the research progress that has been made in exploring the application of Ru(edta) complexes in trapping and generation of NO. Furthermore, utilization of the potential of Ru(edta) complexes to mimic NO synthase and nitrite reductase activity, including thermodynamics and kinetics of NO binding to Ru(edta) complexes, their NO scavenging (in vitro), and antitumor activity will be discussed. Also, the role of [Ru(edta)(NO)] in mediating electrochemical reduction of nitrite, S-nitrosylation of biological thiols, and cross-talk between NO and H2S, will be covered. Reports on the NO-related chemistry of Fe(edta) complexes showing similar behavior are contextualized in this review for comparison purposes. The research contributions compiled herein will provide in-depth mechanistic knowledge for understanding the diverse routes pertaining to the formation of the [Ru(edta)(NO)] species, and its role in effecting the aforementioned reactions of biochemical significance. [Display omitted] •Chemistry of aminocarboxylate complexes of ruthenium related to NO binding and use.•NO scavenging by aminocarboxylate complexes of ruthenium and - biological significance.•Mechanistic insight of the biological activity of ruthenium complexes thru NO binding.•Mechanistic insight of the vasodilation property of ruthenium complexes thru NO release.•Mechanistic role of ruthenium complexes in S-nitrosylation and cross-talk of H2S and NO.