High-Q Hg-anapole resonator with microstrip line coupling for high-precision temperature sensing applications

In this paper, to achieve a high-precision temperature sensing, a modified anapole resonator based on the liquid–metal (Hg) with high Q-factor and large thermal-sensitivity properties is proposed. The high-Q resonance of the designed Hg-anapole resonator is excited by a simple microstrip coupling line with large electromagnetic energy coupling rate. The detailed numerical optimization and experimental demonstration are discussed, and the measured temperature sensitivity of 17.14 MHz/°C and figure-of-merit (FOM) of 0.3/°C are achieved based on the proposed Hg-anapole resonator. This kind of liquid high-Q metamaterial unit can be widely used to realize the high-precision sensing.