Hydration Status, Fluid Intake, Sweat Rate, and Sweat Sodium Concentration in Recreational Tropical Native Runners

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate hydration status, fluid intake, sweat rate, and sweat sodium concentration in recreational tropical native runners. Methods: A total of 102 males and 64 females participated in this study. Participants ran at their self-selected pace for 30-100 min. Age, environmental conditions, running profiles, sweat rates, and sweat sodium data were recorded. Differences in age, running duration, distance and pace, and physiological changes between sexes were analysed. A p-value cut-off of 0.05 depicted statistical significance. Results: Males had lower relative fluid intake (6 +/- 6 vs. 8 +/- 7 mL center dot kg(-1)center dot h(-1), p < 0.05) and greater relative fluid balance deficit (-13 +/- 8 mL center dot kg(-1)center dot h(-1) vs. -8 +/- 7 mL center dot kg(-1)center dot h(-1), p < 0.05) than females. Males had higher whole-body sweat rates (1.3 +/- 0.5 L center dot h(-1) vs. 0.9 +/- 0.3 L center dot h(-1), p < 0.05) than females. Mean rates of sweat sodium loss (54 +/- 27 vs. 39 +/- 22 mmol center dot h(-1)) were higher in males than females (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The sweat profile and composition in tropical native runners are similar to reported values in the literature. The current fluid replacement guidelines pertaining to volume and electrolyte replacement are applicable to tropical native runners.