Globalization, sustainable development, and variation in cost of power plant technologies: A perspective of developing economies

This study evaluates the sustainable power plant cost in the outlook of global power plant efficiency to reduce fossil fuel dependency and greenhouse gas emissions. For this purpose, the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) applied for conducting the cost assessment of power zone technologies for all principal electricity generation. This study considers the characteristics of essential factors (cement, price of resources, possible increases in employees, and metals) that affect costs. This study suggests that the cost of electricity-generating technologies significantly affects growth efficiency, reduction in production cost, and improving environmental conditions. It also suggests that the cost of electricity-generating technologies, combined with technology mixture, is the key factor behind replacing existing technology in the electricity sector. EPRI cost assessments expanded by around 30% and 50% during 2015-2016. Factors like competition amongst power plant owners, the ambiguous marketplace, production procedures, and lack of environment-related strategies have resulted in massive environmental degradation in developing economies like Pakistan. Based on empirical findings, this study recommends designing efficient technologies, which would reduce power plant costs and ensure vertical prospects related to environmental conditions in the future.