Novel integrated structure of carbon dioxide liquefaction energy storage system using solar energy

•A new system of liquid CO2 energy storage in order to generate power is developed.•Integrated absorption–compression refrigeration and two-stage cryogenic ORC.•Liquid CO2 regasification and parabolic trough collectors for the system are used.•Integrated structure produced generates 7.872 MW net powers for Tehran city.•The prime cost of product and exergy efficiency obtained 8.55 Cents.(kWh)−1 and 83.84%. Humans turned to use renewable energies by underground resource reduction and carbon dioxide emissions increase. One of the ways to reduce carbon dioxide and generate power at the consumption peak is using solar energy to compression and liquefaction of carbon dioxide. At the peak power consumption, the liquid carbon dioxide is gasified to generate power. In this article, a new integrated structure for carbon dioxide liquefaction to power generation using parabolic trough solar collectors is developed and analyzed. This process implements an absorption–compression refrigeration cycle that can generate refrigeration of 17.4 MW to liquefy carbon dioxide at -56 °C in the charging mode. In the discharge mode, a two-stage cryogenic ORC plant and a gas turbine power cycle produce 7.872 MW. This integrated structure has an electricity storage efficiency of 67.87% and a round-trip efficiency of 41.22%. Exergy analysis shows that total exergy efficiency and irreversibility are 83.84% and 2265 kW, respectively. HYSYS and TRNSYS software and MATLAB programming with the geographical conditions of Tehran in Iran are used to simulate the process. The economic analysis by the annualized costs of system method shows that the period of return and the prime cost of product are 5.12 years and 8.55 cents per kWh of electricity, respectively. Finally, the effects of the drastic parameters on the performance of the process are studied investigated.