Making Sense of Scientific Simulation Ensembles With Semantic Interaction

In the study of complex physical systems, scientists use simulations to study the effects of different models and parameters. Seeking to understand the influence and relationships among multiple dimensions, they typically run many simulations and vary the initial conditions in what are known as ‘ensembles’. Ensembles are then a number of runs that are each multi‐dimensional and multi‐variate. In order to understand the connections between simulation parameters and patterns in the output data, we have been developing an approach to the visual analysis of scientific data that merges human expertise and intuition with machine learning and statistics. Our approach is manifested in a new visualization tool, GLEE (Graphically‐Linked Ensemble Explorer), that allows scientists to explore, search, filter and make sense of their ensembles. GLEE uses visualization and semantic interaction (SI) techniques to enable scientists to find similarities and differences between runs, find correlation(s) between different parameters and explore relations and correlations across and between different runs and parameters. Our approach supports scientists in selecting interesting subsets of runs in order to investigate and summarize the factors and statistics that show variations and consistencies across different runs. In this paper, we evaluate our tool with experts to understand its strengths and weaknesses for optimization and inverse problems. Scientists run many simulations with varying initial conditions, known as ‘ensembles’, to understand the influence and relationships among parameters or members. Most of the current research focus analyzing either the ensemble space or parameter space while neglecting the effect of input parameters and human in the analysis loop. Our approach is manifested in a new exploratory visualization tool, GLEE (Graphically‐Linked Ensemble Explorer), that will allow for exploration and interoperation of the relations and correlations between different runs, a subset of runs, and input parameters and simulation output(s).