Positive association of serum uric acid with new‐onset diabetes in Chinese women with hypertension in a retrospective analysis of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial

Aims To investigate the association of baseline serum uric acid (UA) with new‐onset diabetes, and to explore the possible effect modifiers in Chinese adults with hypertension. Materials and methods A total of 14 943 hypertensive patients with available UA measurements and without diabetes at baseline were included from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT). Participants were randomly assigned to a double‐blind daily treatment with 10 mg enalapril and 0.8 mg folic acid or 10 mg enalapril alone. The primary outcome was new‐onset diabetes, defined as physician‐diagnosed diabetes or use of glucose‐lowering drugs during follow‐up, or fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L at the exit visit. Results Over a median follow‐up of 4.5 years, 1623 participants (10.9%) developed diabetes. Overall, there was a positive association between baseline UA and new‐onset diabetes in women (per SD increment; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07, 1.23), but not in men (adjusted OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.92, 1.10). Moreover, a stronger positive association between baseline UA and new‐onset diabetes was found among women with lower time‐averaged on‐treatment systolic blood pressure during the treatment period (