Modelling and control of the spark timing of an internal combustion engine based on an ANN

In this work, the mathematical modelling of a internal combustion (IC) engine fed with multiple fuels, and a control scheme for controlling the spark timing of the IC engine are presented. The goal of this work is controlling the IC engine spark timing when it is feed with a hydrogen-enriched E10 blend as fuel, without efficiency and torque losses, at different operating points. The importance of controlling the IC engine spark timing is that the hydrogen and ethanol have a higher combustion velocity than gasoline, so the spark timing is different. The simulation results showed that the influence of ethanol and hydrogen increases thermal and combustion efficiencies of the IC engine by 1.5% and 4.8%, respectively, and that the optimum spark timing is before the top dead centre (BTDC) at 1500 rpm, increasing the torque by 4.42% compared with the use of pure gasoline.