Co-doping of hydroxyapatite with zinc and fluoride improves mechanical and biological properties of hydroxyapatite

Hydroxyapatite(HA) co-doped with Zn2+ tand F- ions was synthesized by precipitation method for the first time in this study.FTIR spectroscopy revealed Zn2+ tand F ions incorporation into HA structure.Co-doping of Zn2+ tand F- ions decreased unit cell volume of HA and decreased grain sizes.Zn2+ tor 5 mol% F addition into HA significantly improved its density.Microhardness was increased with Zn2+ taddition and further increase was detected with F co-doping.Zn2+ tand F co-doped samples had higher fracture toughness than pure HA.Zn2+ tincorporation to the structure resulted in an increase in cell proliferation and ALP activity of cells,and further increase was observed with 1 mol%F addition.With superior mechanical properties and biological response 2Zn1 F is a good candidate for biomedical applications.