Industrial Application and Fundamental Research Progress on Fluid Catalytic Cracking Technology of Downer Reactors

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) technologies of downer reactors, which have reached the demonstration or commercial scale, are systematically discussed, i.e., millisecond catalytic cracking, fluidization lab of Tsinghua University, and high-severity FCC. Moreover, aiming to promote industrial application, the fundamental studies are comprehensively described, particularly focusing on high-density downer reactors, clusters, and up-scaling. Furthermore, from the perspective of industrial application, some research directions toward further developments are suggested.