高等教育教学数字化转型的核心要素分析——基于学校、专业与课程的视角

The teaching and learning of higher education is a complex and dynamic system that requires systematic research and promotion of digital transformation. The digital transformation of the teaching and learning is analyzed at three levels: institution, academic program and curriculum, and the core elements and developmental characteristics involved in the transformation process are discussed. At the institutional level, elements such as goals and planning, organization, policies and norms, support services, technical environment, digital competence of personnel, and cultural atmosphere are analyzed, and it is found that the transformation process is characterized by long-term and phased feature, and there are different points of emphasis at different stages. At the academic program level, the transformation is found to be reflected in the trend of its field shifting from closed to open, the characteristics of program operation shifting from independence to collaboration, and degree accreditation shifting from r