WholeLeea macrophyllaethanolic extract normalizes kidney deposits and recovers renal impairments in an ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis model of rats

ABSTRACT Objective:To investigate the antilithiatic effect of the wholeLeea macrophylla(L. macrophylla) Roxb(Leeaceae) ethanol extract in ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis model of rats.Methods:Forty two seven weeks old male wistar albino rats were randomly divided into two major groups namely: preventive(n=18) and therapeutic(n=24).Preventive group was further subdivided into3 groups of6 rats namely: preventive control(PC), preventive lithiatic control(PLC) and preventive lithiaticL. macrophylla(PLLM).Similarly, therapeutic group was also subdivided into4 groups of6 rats namely: therapeutic control(TC), therapeutic lithiatic control(TLC), therapeutic lithitatic L. macrophylla(TLLM) and therapeutic lithiatic cystone(TLCYS).The lithiasis was induced by 0.75%(v/v) ethylene glycol in the drinking water of all groups except thePC andTC groups.The urinary ionic parameters such as calcium, inorganic phosphate, oxalate, magnesium & creatinine and renal morphology were altered by ethylene glycol, which were partially recovered by14 d preventive and almost fully recovered by28 d therapeutic intervention trials withL. macrophylla extract(500 mg/kgBW daily).Results:Significant difference on recovery was observed between preventive and therapeutic interventionaltrials.Anti-urolithiatic effect of cystone was significantly(P