Heat transfer at ice-water interface under conditions of low flow velocities

The heat transfer at the ice-water interface is closely related to the hydrodynamic and physical properties of the water body.It affects the ice cover thickness and the water temperature underlying the ice cover.This paper studies the heat transfer from the water to the ice cover.Based on the flume data,a linear relationship between the ice-water heat transfer coefficient and the flow velocity beneath the ice cover is established and the calculated dimensionless ice-water heat transfer coefficient is 1.1×10-3.This empirical relationship can be applied to estimate the ice-water heat transfer of reservoirs,lakes and other freshwater bodies when the flow velocity under the ice cover is in the range of 0.024 m/s-0.110 m/s.