Hematologic and Hepatic Enzymes Abnormalities and Associated Factors among Patients with Swine Influenza (H1N1) Admitted in Two Hospitals, Tehran, 2014-2016

Background: Influenza A is a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that belongs to orthomyxoviridae family. The virus usually invades the respiratory tract endothelium, and the period of contagiousness is up to 5 days after the onset of symptoms. Influenza is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and approximately 8％-10％ of all patients with pneumonia are positive for influenza. In this study, we aimed to evaluate hematologic and hepatic enzymes disorders in patients with swine influenza (H1N1) admitted in two hospitals, Tehran. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study identifying the hematologic and hepatic enzymes abnormalities and influencing factors conducted among patients with swine influenza (H1N1) admitted in Imam Khomeini and Ziaeiyan Hospitals in 2014-2016. Onehundred eighteen people with suspected or confirmed influenza were evaluated for hematologic and hepatic enzymes disorders. Results: In this study, the total number of individuals was 118, including 58 (49％) women and 60 (51％) men. Thirty-seven (31％) of patients had pneumonia, 51 (43％) of them had hypertension and diabetes, 5 (5％) of them expired. PCR of 28 (33％) nasopharynx samples were positive. The mean ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte at the time of admission was 3.4 and the mean ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte at the time of discharge was 2.1, which indicated lymphopenia. Conclusion: H1N1 is associated with more hematologic and liver enzyme abnormalities than non-H1N1 subtypes thus if we notice these changes on lab tests, we should suspect more to H1N1 than non-H1N1.