Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of peripancreatic fluid collections: What impacts treatment duration?

Peripancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are complications resulting from acute or chronic pancreatitis and require treatment in certain clinical conditions. The present study aimed to identify the factors influencing the duration of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage of symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts (PPCs), walled-off necrosis (WON), and acute necrotic collections (ANCs). This was a retrospective cohort study of 68 patients with PFCs who underwent EUS-guided drainage. The timing and duration of EUS-guided drainage of various PFCs (ANC, WON, and PPCs) were compared, and the factors influencing the duration of endoscopic treatment were identified. The mean time to first EUS-guided PFC drainage since the acute pancreatitis episode was 372.0, 505.0, and 18.7 days for WON, PPC, and ANC, respectively, and the mean duration of treatment was 90, 60, and 63 days, respectively. A disconnected pancreatic duct, a history of percutaneous drainage, and an infected PFC were identified as factors influencing the treatment duration. A positive correlation was observed between the treatment duration and patients’ age. Patients with a disconnected pancreatic duct had to undergo more procedures. In patients with PPC, clinically successful drainage was more frequently achieved after a single procedure without the need for repeated procedures than in those with WON (90% vs. 59%, P = 0.01). Patients with a history of percutaneous drainage, disconnected pancreatic duct, or PFC infection may require longer endoscopic treatment.