Objective Identification and Climatic Characteristics of Heavy-Precipitation Northeastern China Cold Vortexes

The northeastern China cold vortex (NCCV) plays an important role in regional rainstorms over East Asia. Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Final reanalysis dataset and the Global Precipitation Measurement product, an objective algorithm for identifying heavy-precipitation NCCV (HPCV) events was designed, and the climatological features of 164 HPCV events from 2001 to 2019 were investigated. The number of HPCV events showed an upward linear trend, with the highest frequency of occurrence in summer. The most active region of HPCV samples was the Northeast China Plain between 40°–55°N. Most HPCV events lasted 3–5 days and had radii ranging from 250 to 1000 km. The duration of HPCV events with larger sizes was longer. About half of the HPCV events moved into (moved out of) the definition region (35°–60°N, 115°–145°E), and half initiated (dissipated) within the region. The initial position was close to the western boundary of the definition region, and the final position was mainly near the eastern boundary. The locations associated with the precipitation were mostly concentrated within 2000 km southeast of the HPCV systems, and they were farther from the center in the cold season than in the warm season.