A fatal case of intestinal capillariasis due to misleading investigations

Background: Intestinal capillariasis is an important agent in the differential diagnosis of chronic diarrhea and protein-losing enteropathy. The disease is uncommon and possibly under-diagnosed in Thailand and neighboring countries. Objective: Report a fatal case of intestinal capillariasis that underwent misleading diagnostic efforts for six months. We also reviewed previous cases of intestinal capillariasis from our hospital. Patient and Method: A descriptive study of a fatal case of intestinal capillariasis, and review of patients admitted for capillariasis during the past 10 years. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of adequate and repeated microscopic stool examinations before proceeding to other sophisticated investigations that may cause delay in diagnosis and confusing results that result in inappropriate therapy.