Optical fiber and optical signal transmission system using this optical fiber

1. Field of the Invention An optical fiber having a good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and high Raman efficiency in an optical signal transmission system using Raman amplification, the optical fiber having a refractive index profile, including at least one annular region between a center core and a cladding layer, a Rayleigh scattering coefficient not more than 1 m·dB/km, a relative refractive index difference of the center core with respect to the cladding layer of a positive value not more than 0.9%, a relative refractive index difference of an annular region adjoining the center core with respect to the cladding layer from −0.7% to −0.2%, an effective area (Aeff) Aeff not more than 60 m, and a zero dispersion wavelength outside of the range of 1400 to 1600 nm, and an optical signal transmission system using that optical fiber for part of the optical signal transmission line in a Raman amplifier or as an optical signal amplification fiber and introducing wavelength multiplexed stimulated light into the optical fiber so as to obtain an amplification effect.