Polycrystalline ferroelectric optical devices

This invention relates generally to ferroelectric optical devices and, more particularly, to polycrystalline ferroelectric optical modulators. An optical device comprises a body of ferroelectric material exhibiting an effective electro-optic coefficient (r) and an optical loss ( ), with the body being adapted for the propagation of optical radiation at a wavelength through it, and means for applying an electric field to the body in order to alter the refractive index therein, characterized in that the body is polycrystalline and has an average grain size such that ris relatively high and is relatively low, both at . In a preferred embodiment the body has an average grain size that is less than about /10, preferably in the range of approximately 8-20 nm, which is especially well suited for devices operating at near infrared wavelengths in the range of about 1000-1600 nm. Illustratively, the ferroelectric body is a perovskite material such as barium titanate or lithium niobate.