Optimal reform protocols for groups IVB and VB electrolytic capacitors

The present invention relates to a reform protocol to maintain one or more device performance parameters above certain values, and/or below certain values, and/or within certain ranges of values while optimizing battery consumption. In particular, the reform protocol requires: (1) energizing the valve metal capacitor to a desired energy level, and (2) (a) immediately disconnecting the valve metal capacitor from the energizing source and any external load so the energy in the capacitor is dissipated due to self-discharge, or (b) immediately connecting the valve metal capacitor to a non-therapeutic load.