Metal Carbide/Nitride Precipitation Control in Fusion Welding

Properties and performance of weld material between metals in a weldment is controlled by modifying one or more of the nitrogen content and the carbon content to produce carbide (e.g. MC-type), nitride and/or complex carbide/nitride (e.g. MX-type) type precipitates. Fusion welding includes (i) adjusting shield gas composition to increase nitrogen/carbon gas and nitride/carbide species, (ii) adjusting composition of nitrogen/carbon in materials that participate in molten welding processes, (iii) direct addition of nitrides/carbides (e.g. powder form), controlled addition of nitride/carbide forming elements (e.g. Ti, Al), or addition of elements that increase/impede solubility of nitrogen/carbon or nitride/carbide promoting elements (e.g. Mn), and (iv) other processes, such as use of fluxes and additive materials. Weld materials have improved resistance to different cracking mechanisms (e.g., hot cracking mechanisms and solid state cracking mechanisms) and improved tensile related mechanical properties.