Analysis of >3,400 worldwide eggplant accessions reveals two independent domestication events and multiple migration-diversification routes
[EN] Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is an important Solanaceous crop, widely cultivated and consumed in Asia, the Mediterranean basin, and Southeast Europe. Its domestication centers and migration and diversification routes are still a matter of debate. We report the largest georeferenced and genotype...
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Zusammenfassung: | [EN] Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is an important Solanaceous crop, widely cultivated and consumed in Asia,
the Mediterranean basin, and Southeast Europe. Its domestication centers and migration and diversification
routes are still a matter of debate. We report the largest georeferenced and genotyped collection to this
date for eggplant and its wild relatives, consisting of 3499 accessions from seven worldwide genebanks,
originating from 105 countries in five continents. The combination of genotypic and passport data points to
the existence of at least two main centers of domestication, in Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent,
with limited genetic exchange between them. The wild and weedy eggplant ancestor S. insanum shows
admixture with domesticated S. melongena, similar to what was described for other fruit-bearing Solanaceous crops such as tomato and pepper and their wild ancestors. After domestication, migration and admixture of eggplant populations from different regions have been less conspicuous with respect to tomato and
pepper, thus better preserving `local¿ phenotypic characteristics. The data allowed the identification of misclassified and putatively duplicated accessions, facilitating genebank management. All the genetic, phenotypic, and passport data have been deposited in the Open Access G2P-SOL database, and constitute an
invaluable resource for understanding the domestication, migration and diversification of this cosmopolitan
vegetable.
This work has been funded by the European Union s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under the grant agreement number 677379 (G2P-SOL project: Linking genetic resources,
genomes, and phenotypes of Solanaceous crops) and by the Horizon Europe program under the grant agreement number c(PROGRACE project: Promoting a Plant Genetic Resource Community for Europe).
Barchi, L.; Aprea, G.; Rabanus-Wallace, MT.; Toppino, L.; Alonso-Martín, D.; Portis, E.; Lanteri, S... (2023). Analysis of >3,400 worldwide eggplant accessions reveals two independent domestication events and multiple migration-diversification routes. The Plant Journal. 116:1667-1680. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.16455 |
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