Effect of the genotype, explant source and culture medium in somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert

[EN] Vaccaria hispanica is an interesting species with attractive agronomic properties and a wealth of valuable bioactive compounds, potentially useful for many different purposes. Surprisingly, the number of studies focused on the development of in vitro tools for a rapid production of clonal populations is extremely limited. In the present study, two wild Turkish genotypes, previously characterized as high starch and saponin producers, are used to explore the possibilities of regenerating clonal plants through somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis. This work investigates the independent effects of genotype, type of explant and composition of the culture medium, and the interactions among them, in the growth and proliferation of calli from the explants, and the induction of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis fron the callus surface. Some of the interactions were found significant to promote these processes. V. hispanica proved to be especially responsive for callus induction from all the explants tested. Particular explant types and combinations of plant growth regulators have been identified as especially suitable to induce the different morphogenic processes. V. hispanica is remarkably prone to produce thin adventitious roots, which may be a problem when trying to induce somatic embryogenesis or shoot organogenesis. However, this can be exploited to develop a convenient system for in vitro secondary metabolite production. The study was funded by the TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) (TOVAG 1001 Project No: 112O136) and Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Akdeniz University (Project No: FYL-2016-1719). Bedir, H.; Ari, E.; Elif Vural, G.; Seguí-Simarro, JM. (2022). Effect of the genotype, explant source and culture medium in somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC). 150(2):329-343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-022-02275-8 Alonso-Herrada J, Rico-Resendiz F, Campos-Guillen J, Guevara-Gonzalez RG, Torres-Pacheco I, Cruz-Hernandez A (2016) Establishment of in vitro regeneration system for Acaciella angustissima (Timbe) a shrubby plant endemic of México for the production of phenolic compounds. Ind Crops Prod 86:49–57 Anzidei M, Bennici A, Schiff S, Tani C, Mori B (2000) Organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in Foeniculum vulgare: histological observations of developing embryogenic callus. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult