IMPACTO DE LA AGRICULTURA DE CONSERVACIÓN Y LA APLICACIÓN DE ZINC EN LA RENTABILIDAD SOSTENIBLE DE FORRAJE DE MAÍZ-TRITICALE EN LA COMARCA LAGUNERA

In current times in a context of climate change and economic uncertainty, farmers must adopt new cropping systems to achieve sustainable and profitable forage production. CA has been promoted as a system that reduces land degradation, climate change and the reduction of production costs. The lands that are used for the production of forage in the Lagunera region currently present problems of desertification. Producers have opted for an excessive use of machinery and the application of high doses of inorganic fertilizers to obtain higher yields, increasing costs and with returns not in line with the investment. In addition to the above, the region establishes the monoculture of forage maize, which intensifies the desertification process, being crop rotation an alternative to reduce desertification; As a viable option, triticale, of which there is sufficient evidence, shows that it has a high potential to be an alternative crop with different purposes of use in a wide range of environments and subjected to stress. On the other hand, there are results from the application of zinc in the production of fodder corn, obtaining an increase of 20%. The treatments established for the corn-triticale crops were: T1 conventional tillage with NPK fertilization and T2 conservation agriculture and NPK fertilization and zinc in two cycles; spring-summer with hybrid forage corn SUN-38W and winter triticale, hybrid AN 105. The results obtained for the cultivation of corn were for T1 in green forage 34290 kg ha-1 and for T2 39150 kg ha-1, for the triticale crop, T1 30950 kg ha-1 and for T2 32850 kg ha-1. In T2, production costs decreased, which contributed to higher performance; 14% for corn and 5.7% for triticale and higher profitability, being $12,820 for corn and $18,637.50 for triticale.