Der Einfluß von Piroxicam auf die Ultrastruktur des normalen Chondrozyten im Vergleich zu modernen und klassischen Antirheumatika

Abstract Early changes in the joint cartilage under the influence of antiphlogistics can be examined systematically by means of an ultrastructural test system (Annefeld, Fassbender 1983) based on standardised morphometry and statistical evaluation. Evaluation of large groups of cells makes it possible to detect changes in the organelle system of the cartilage cells both qualitatively and quantitatively and to draw conclusions on cell metabolism. To obtain pointers toward differences in the influence exercised on the cartilage, the authors examined the effects of various antiphlogistic substances on the ultrastructure of the chondrocytes. The steroidal drug selected was dexamethasone, whereas the non-steroidal antiphlogistics (NSAID) employed were piroxicam, diclofenac, indometacin and phenylbutazone. The substances were dosed equieffectively and administered for the same period (12 weeks) and via the same mode of application. Dexamethasone produces massive degenerative changes in the ultrastructure of vital chondrocytes and results in an unphysiologically high death rate of the chondrocytes. Diclofenac, indomethacin and phenylbutazone also modify the ultrastructure of the chondrocytes, although to a lesser degree. Regressive changes in the ultrastructure of the chondrocyte are only mildly marked after piroxicam treatment. The chondrocyte appears to be even somewhat stimulated with regard to its metabolic activity as an adaptation reaction to piroxicam treatment.