Akute myeloische Leukämie bei Kindern mit Down-Syndrom

Abstract Forty-four children, aged between 0.4 and 16.2 years (median 2.0 years) with Down's syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) including subacute megakaryoblastic leukemia (M7) were diagnosed between 1980 and 1986 (group 1, n=16) or between 1987 and 1992 (group 2, n=28). The leukemic blasts from Down's syndrome patients often proved difficult to classify. In group 1 the most frequent diagnoses were FAB M5 (6 pts.), M6 (3 pts.), in 3 patients the morphological diagnosis of M7 can retrospectively be assumed. In group 2,15 of 28 patients were classified as M7, in 3 patients based on morphology alone, and in the other 12 patients confirmed by immunophenotyping or biopsy. The other children in group 2 were classified as: FAB M0 (3 pts.), M1 (1 pt.), M4 (2 pts.), M5 (2 pts.), M6 (4 pts.), M6/M7 (1 pt.). Initially, the latter and 10 of the patients with M7 presented with