Quadrivalent Vaccine against Human Papillomavirus to Prevent High-Grade Cervical Lesions

In this large, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, a quadrivalent vaccine (including human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18) given at day 1, month 2, and month 6 was associated with a significant reduction in the occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. No beneficial effect was observed on prevalent lesions. The prevention benefit for incident lesions associated with HPV-16 and HPV-18 appears to increase with time. A quadrivalent vaccine (including human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18) was associated with a significant reduction in the occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The prevention benefit for incident lesions associated with HPV-16 and HPV-18 appears to increase with time. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death in many developing countries. 1 Although well-organized programs for Papanicolaou screening have led to a significant decline in mortality from cervical cancer in developed countries, 1 such programs are costly 2 and have not been effectively implemented in most developing countries. 3 Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause virtually all cervical cancers, with HPV types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) responsible for approximately 70%. 4 When phase 3 trials of prophylactic HPV vaccines were in the planning stages, the vaccine advisory committee of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended . . .