Environmental chemicals differentially affect epigenetic-related mechanisms in the zebrafish liver (ZF-L) cell line and in zebrafish embryos

•Gene expression of epigenetic factors was measured in zebrafish liver cells, zebrafish embryos and larvae exposed to 8 environmental chemicals.•Major effects were observed in the cell line; effects in embryos were restricted to permethrin, methoxychlor, coumarin 47 and bisphenol A.•Only exposure to...

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Veröffentlicht in:Aquatic toxicology 2019-10, Vol.215, p.105272-105272, Article 105272
Hauptverfasser: Blanc, Mélanie, Rüegg, Joëlle, Scherbak, Nikolai, Keiter, Steffen H.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:•Gene expression of epigenetic factors was measured in zebrafish liver cells, zebrafish embryos and larvae exposed to 8 environmental chemicals.•Major effects were observed in the cell line; effects in embryos were restricted to permethrin, methoxychlor, coumarin 47 and bisphenol A.•Only exposure to PFOS induced global DNA hypermethylation in zebrafish liver cells.•This was associated with specific transcriptional regulation of kdm5ba, which was still observed in unexposed daughter cells. A number of chemicals have been shown to affect epigenetic patterning and functions. Since epigenetic mechanisms regulate transcriptional networks, epigenetic changes induced by chemical exposure can represent early molecular events for long-term adverse physiological effects. Epigenetics has thus appeared as a research field of major interest within (eco)toxicological sciences. The present study aimed at measuring effects on epigenetic-related mechanisms of selected environmental chemicals (bisphenols, perfluorinated chemicals, methoxychlor, permethrin, vinclozolin and coumarin 47) in zebrafish embryos and liver cells (ZFL). Transcription of genes related to DNA methylation and histone modifications was measured and global DNA methylation was assessed in ZFL cells using the LUMA assay. The differences in results gathered from both models suggest that chemicals affect different mechanisms related to epigenetics in embryos and cells. In zebrafish embryos, exposure to bisphenol A, coumarin 47, methoxychlor and permethrin lead to significant transcriptional changes in epigenetic factors suggesting that they can impact early epigenome reprogramming related to embryonic development. In ZFL cells, significant transcriptional changes were observed upon exposure to all chemicals but coumarin 47; however, only perfluorooctane sulfonate induced significant effects on global DNA methylation. Notably, in contrast to the other tested chemicals, perfluorooctane sulfonate affected only the expression of the histone demethylase kdm5ba. In addition, kdm5ba appeared as a sensitive gene in zebrafish embryos as well. Taken together, the present results suggest a role for kdm5ba in regulating epigenetic patterns in response to chemical exposure, even though mechanisms remain unclear. To confirm these findings, further evidence is required regarding changes in site-specific histone marks and DNA methylation together with their long-term effects on physiological outcomes.
ISSN:0166-445X
1879-1514
1879-1514
DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105272