Characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury in Victoria, Australia compared to United Kingdom and Europe: A comparison between two harmonised prospective cohort studies

•Our study found that compared to UK and Europe, severe TBI patients in Victoria, Australia were younger and a higher proportion had early hypotension.•In Australia, a higher proportion were discharged to a specialized rehabilitation centre, rather than another hospital or home.•Compared to Europe, a higher proportion of patients in Australia and UK had intensive therapies including invasive arterial and ICP monitoring.•Six months after injury, patient mortality and “favourable” independent living at 6 months were similar in all regions.•Mortality was better than predicted, but fully independent living at 6 months was not. The aim of this manuscript is to compare characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) between Australia, the United Kingdom (UK) and Europe. We enrolled patients with severe TBI in Victoria, Australia (OzENTER-TBI), in the UK and Europe (CENTER-TBI) from 2015 to 2017. Main outcome measures were mortality and unfavourable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended