Incidence, Treatment, and Outcome of HIV-Associated Hematologic Malignancies in People Living with HIV in Sweden

People living with HIV (PLHIV) have an increased risk of hematologic malignancies (HMs). We aimed to characterize HMs among PLHIV at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. We studied all PLHIV receiving care at our center between 2004 and 2018. Data were retrieved retrospectively from InfCareHIV database and medical records. Around 3,484 patients received HIV care for a total of 22,903 person-years (py) with median follow-up of 7.6 years. HMs were identified in 43 patients with 30 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), 9 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 2 multicentric Castleman's disease, and 1 case each of myeloma and myelodysplastic syndrome. The incidence rate of NHL was 88/10 py and HL 39.6/10 py. The incidence of NHL declined 2004-2010 versus 2011-2018 (180.8 vs. 40.1/10 py; = .001). Median time from HIV diagnosis to malignancy was shorter in NHL compared with HL (1.2 years vs. 8.9 years; = .01) and effective HIV treatment was less common in NHL (33% vs. 100%;