On the brink of daily clinical application of objective gait analysis: What evidence do we have so far from studies using an induced lameness model?

•Quantitative gait analysis offers objective and unbiased information which can be valuable during a lameness examination.•Kinetic and kinematic methods can be used to quantify changes in locomotion due to lameness.•Gait analysis using optical motion capture and inertial motion unit sensors have good potential for clinical application.•Repeated measurements (e.g. before and after diagnostic anaesthesia or treatment) may have highest clinical relevance. Quantitative gait analysis has the potential to offer objective and unbiased gait information that can assist clinical decision-making. In recent years, a growing number of gait analysis systems have come onto the market, highlighting the demand for such technology in equine orthopaedics. However, it is imperative that the measured variables which are used as outcome parameters are supported by scientific evidence and that the interpretation of such measurements is backed by a proper understanding of the biomechanical principles of equine locomotion. This review, which is based on studies on experimentally induced lameness, summarises the currently most widely used methods for gait analysis and the available evidence concerning gait parameters that can be used to quantify gait changes due to lameness. These are discussed regarding their current and future potential for routine clinical application.