Reduction of Macrophage Infiltration and Chemoattractant Gene Expression Changes in White Adipose Tissue of Morbidly Obese Subjects After Surgery-Induced Weight Loss

Reduction of Macrophage Infiltration and Chemoattractant Gene Expression Changes in White Adipose Tissue of Morbidly Obese Subjects After Surgery-Induced Weight Loss Raffaella Cancello 1 , Corneliu Henegar 1 2 , Nathalie Viguerie 3 , Soraya Taleb 1 , Christine Poitou 1 , Christine Rouault 1 , Muriel Coupaye 1 , Veronique Pelloux 1 , Danielle Hugol 4 , Jean-Luc Bouillot 5 , Anne Bouloumié 3 6 , Giorgio Barbatelli 7 , Saverio Cinti 7 , Per-Arne Svensson 8 , Gregory S. Barsh 9 , Jean-Daniel Zucker 1 10 , Arnaud Basdevant 1 , Dominique Langin 3 and Karine Clément 1 1 Inserm “Avenir”, Paris 6 University EA3502 and Human Research Center on Nutrition (CRNH), Hôtel Dieu Hospital, AP/HP, Paris, France 2 SPIM “Santé publique et informatique médicale” laboratory, INSERM ERM202, Paris, France 3 INSERM UPS U586, Obesity Research Unit, Louis Bugnard Institute, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France 4 Department of Anatomo-Pathology, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France 5 Department of Surgery, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France 6 Cardiovascular Physiology Department, J.-W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany 7 Institute of Normal Human Morphology-Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy 8 Department of Internal Medicine, Research Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg University, Goteborg, Sweden 9 Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Howard Hugues Medical Institute, Beckman Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 10 LIM & BIO, Paris-Nord University, Paris, France Address correspondence and reprint requests to Karine Clément, MD, PhD, Department of Nutrition, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, 1, Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France. E-mail: karine.clement{at}htd.ap-hop-paris.fr Abstract In human obesity, the stroma vascular fraction (SVF) of white adipose tissue (WAT) is enriched in macrophages. These cells may contribute to low-grade inflammation and to its metabolic complications. Little is known about the effect of weight loss on macrophages and genes involved in macrophage attraction. We examined subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) of 7 lean and 17 morbidly obese subjects before and 3 months after bypass surgery. Immunomorphological changes of the number of scWAT-infiltrating macrophages were evaluated, along with concomitant changes in expression of SVF-overexpressed genes. The number of scWAT-infiltrating macrophages before surgery was higher in obese than in lean subjects (H