NICU parents' mental health: A comparative study with parents of term and healthy infants

Aim To compare mental health in parents of preterm/ill infants and parents of term and healthy infants before birth and 1 month after hospital discharge. Methods A comparative cohort design was used. In total 439 parents from six neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and 484 parents from four maternity units (MUs) in Sweden answered a survey 1 month after discharge. Results Parents in neonatal units experienced significantly more psychologically traumatic births and rated their health and the health of their infants less favourably the first week after delivery than parents in MUs. In the neonatal units, both parents had better possibilities to stay together with the infant during hospital stay. There was no difference between the NICU and MU groups in postpartum depressive symptoms 1 month after discharge. Experiencing a traumatic birth was not related to an increased risk of perinatal depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ≥13) for mothers in NICUs. In contrast, the risk of depression increased for mothers in MUs. Conclusion Family togetherness, parent–infant closeness and emotional support at NICUs may contribute to the positive outcome. Further studies are needed to assess the long‐term effects of how family togetherness and closeness influence families long term.