Progressive Voxel‐Wise Homotopic Connectivity from childhood to adulthood: Age‐related functional asymmetry in resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging

Homotopic connectivity during resting state has been proposed as a risk marker for neurologic and psychiatric conditions, but a precise characterization of its trajectory through development is currently lacking. Voxel‐Mirrored Homotopic Connectivity (VMHC) was evaluated in a sample of 85 neurotypical individuals aged 7–18 years. VMHC associations with age, handedness, sex, and motion were explored at the voxel‐wise level. VMHC correlates were also explored within 14 functional networks. Primary and secondary outcomes were repeated in a sample of 107 adults aged 21–50 years. In adults, VMHC was negatively correlated with age only in the posterior insula (false discovery rate p 30‐voxel clusters), while a distributed effect among the medial axis was observed in minors. Four out of 14 considered networks showed significant negative correlations between VMHC and age in minors (basal ganglia r = –.280, p = .010; anterior salience r = –.245, p = .024; language r = –.222, p = .041; primary visual r = –.257, p = .017), but not adults. In minors, a positive effect of motion on VMHC was observed only in the putamen. Sex did not significantly influence age effects on VMHC. The current study showed a specific decrease in VMHC for minors as a function of age, but not adults, supporting the notion that interhemispheric interactions can shape late neurodevelopment.