Conformal quantum dot–SnO2 layers as electron transporters for efficient perovskite solar cells

Tailoring tin oxide layersMesoporous titanium dioxide is commonly used as the electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells, but electron transport layers based on tin(IV) oxide quantum dots could be more efficient, with a better-aligned conduction band and a higher carrier mobility. Kim et al. show that such quantum dots could conformally coat a textured fluorine-doped tin oxide electrode when stabilized with polyacrylic acid. Improved light trapping and reduced nonradiative recombination resulted in a certified power conversion efficiency of 25.4% and high operational stability. In larger-area minimodules, active areas as high as 64 square centimeters maintained certified power conversion efficiencies of more than 20%. —PDS