ADMA Levels and Arginine/ADMA Ratios Reflect Severity of Disease and Extent of Inflammation After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by an inflammatory response that might induce endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate if ADMA and arginine/ADMA ratios after SAH (indicators of endothelial dysfunction) are related to clinical parameters, inflammatory response, and outcome. Methods Prospective observational study. ADMA, arginine, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cytokines were obtained 0–240 h (h) after SAH. Definition of severe clinical condition was Hunt&Hess (H&H) 3–5 and less severe clinical condition H&H 1–2. Impaired cerebral circulation was assessed by clinical examination, transcranial doppler, CT-scan, and angiography. Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) evaluated the outcome. Results Compared to admission, 0–48 h after SAH, the following was observed 49–240 h after SAH; (a) ADMA was significantly increased at 97–240 h (highest 217–240 h), (b) CRP was significantly increased at 49–240 h (highest 73–96 h), (c) interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly lower at 97–240 h (highest 49–96 h), p