Supporting Technical Adaptation and Implementation of Digital Twins in Manufacturing

In manufacturing, digital twins are emerging technologies that integrate several advances, such as the industrial internet of things, and cyber-physical systems, for creating software replicas that monitor and control manufacturing units or processes. Despite their great potential and innovation, digital twins are challenging to implement and there is a lack of practical guidelines for their technical adaptation and implementation. This discourages enterprises from planning and adopting full-fledged digital twin-based solutions due to the low return on investment. In this paper, we fill such a lack of guidelines for the technical adaptation and implementation of digital twins by providing a catalogue of technologies used for realising digital twin-based systems in manufacturing. We align the catalogue to the International Organization for Standardization 23247 standard for digital twins in manufacturing. We elicit the catalogue by systematically reviewing 14 state-of-the-art DT implementations resulting from a pool of 140 peer-reviewed studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that identifies a catalogue of technologies supporting the realisation of digital twin-based systems mapping it into the 23247 standard.