Formative feedback on practical reports

Formative feedback (or formative assessment) is provided during learning, telling students how well they are proceeding and what needs improvement, whereas summative assessment is provided after learning, stating how well students have learned what they were supposed to (Biggs and Tang; 2007). Formative feedback is one of the most powerful tools in promoting learning (Gibbs and Simpson; 2002) and it has been shown that teachers’ comments on students’ work result in better performance and higher interest, than summative assessment (Butler; 1988).