3,4-N-Methlenedioxymethamphetamine-Induced Hypophagia is Maintained in 5-HT1B Receptor Knockout Mice, but Suppressed by the 5-HT2C Receptor Antagonist RS102221: Preclinical Research

3,4-Methylenedioxy- N -methamphetamine (MDMA or ‘ecstasy’) is a psychoactive substance, first described as an appetite suppressant in humans, inducing side effects and even death. MDMA increases serotonin (5-HT) levels, and 5-HT inhibits food intake, but the 5-HT receptors involved in MDMA-induced changes in feeding behavior are unknown. We examined whether a systemic MDMA injection would reduce the physiological drive to eat in starved mice and tested if the inactivation of 5-HT 1B or 5-HT 2C receptors could restore this response. Our results indicate that in starved mice, MDMA (10 mg/kg) provoked an initial hypophagia for 1 h (−77%) followed by a period of hyperphagia (studied between 1 and 3 h). This biphasic feeding behavior due to MDMA treatment was maintained in 5-HT 1B receptor-null mice or in animals treated with the 5-HT 1B/1D receptor antagonist GR127935 (3 or 10 mg/kg). In contrast, MDMA-induced hypophagia (for the first 1 h period) was suppressed when combined with the 5-HT 2C receptor antagonist RS102221 (2 mg/kg). However, RS102221 did not alter MDMA-induced hyperphagia (for the 1–3 h period) but did exert a stimulant effect, when administered alone, during that period. We have previously shown that MDMA or 5-HT 1A/1B receptor agonist RU24969 fails to stimulate locomotor activity in 5-HT 1B receptor-null mice. Our present data indicate that the 5-HT 2C receptor antagonist RS102221 suppresses MDMA-induced hyperlocomotion. These findings provide the first evidence that the inactivation of 5-HT 2C receptors may reduce hypophagia and motor response to MDMA, while a genetic deficit or pharmacological inactivation of 5-HT 1B receptors was insufficient to alter the feeding response to MDMA.