Effects of the place of articulation of the following consonant on the identification and discrimination of American English vowels by native speakers of Japanese and Korean

Native speakers of Japanese and Korean identified 6 American English monophthongs /i, ɪ, ɛ, æ, ɑ, ʌ/ and discriminated 6 vowel pairs /i/-/ɪ/, /ɛ/-/ɪ/, /æ/-/ɛ/, /æ/-/ɑ/, /æ/-/ʌ/, /ɑ/-/ʌ/ in in /hVt/, /pVt/, /pVn/ and /pVl/ frames. The two groups of listeners' identification and discrimination accuracy were submitted to 2 mixed-design ANOVAs, respectively, with 2 Listener Groups as a between-subject variable, and 6 frames and 6 vowels (or vowel pairs) as within-subject variables. As for identification, a main effect of vowel and frame are both significant (p